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Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks — Powerful Books, Mystics, and More

Tim FerrissTim Ferriss
Howto & Style3 min read94 min video
Aug 28, 2020|16,711 views|271|39
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TL;DR

Rabbi Sacks discusses faith, meaning, and restoring the common good in divided times.

Key Insights

1

Faith is the ability to hear the music beneath the noise of life's events.

2

Embracing 'we' over 'I' is crucial for societal well-being and overcoming division.

3

Adversity, like the Holocaust, can be transmuted into wisdom and strength through choice.

4

A strong national identity, rituals, and empowering youth are vital for societal cohesion.

5

Safe spaces should foster respectful listening to opposing views, not shield from them.

6

Reversing societal decline requires a conscious shift from individualism to collective responsibility.

THE MUSIC BENEATH THE NOISE

Rabbi Sacks defines faith not through religious dogma, but as the profound ability to perceive underlying meaning and beauty amidst the chaos and distractions of daily life. He likens this to hearing 'music beneath the noise,' contrasting it with being 'tone deaf' to life's deeper wonders. This perspective is supported by contemplative practices and the appreciation of art, literature, and nature, which offer a refuge from the anxieties and superficialities that often dominate human experience.

TRANSMUTING PAIN INTO PURPOSE

Drawing from personal experiences and the powerful testimony of Holocaust survivors like Edith Eger, Rabbi Sacks emphasizes the human capacity to choose our response to suffering. He highlights that while external events are beyond our control, our internal reaction and the meaning we ascribe to them are not. This act of volitional choice is the essence of human freedom and dignity, enabling individuals to transform profound pain and trauma into a source of strength and a tool for helping others.

THE NECESSITY OF 'WE' OVER 'I'

A central theme is the critical imbalance in Western societies, where radical individualism ('I') has overshadowed collective responsibility ('we'). Rabbi Sacks argues that while self-interest has its place, an overemphasis on the individual leads to societal fragmentation and a failure to address common good. He cites the disparate responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in individualistic versus collectivist societies as evidence of this dynamic, underscoring the need to restore balance and shared responsibility.

BUILDING SOCIAL COHESION

To counteract societal division and individualism, Rabbi Sacks proposes a three-pronged approach: cultivating a strong national narrative that integrates diverse populations, establishing meaningful national rituals that reinforce collective identity and shared values, and empowering young people through opportunities for meaningful contribution and service. These elements, he believes, are essential for fostering a sense of 'we' and rebuilding the social fabric.

SAFE SPACES AND THE DIGNITY OF DESCENT

Rabbi Sacks critiques the modern concept of 'safe spaces' in universities, arguing they often create 'unsafe' environments by shielding individuals from challenging ideas rather than fostering intellectual robustness. He advocates for the 'dignity of descent,' where respectful engagement with opposing viewpoints is encouraged. This process, akin to 'red teaming' in investment or the Socratic method, builds intellectual strength and immunity to differing perspectives, which is vital for a functioning democracy.

CHALLENGING FATE AND FOSTERING HOPE

Judaism, Rabbi Sacks explains, rejects fatalism and the concept of inevitability. Through rituals like those during the High Holidays, where prayers acknowledge potential hardship but also assert the power of prayer, penitence, and charity to avert decrees, the faith emphasizes human agency. Drawing on historical examples, he argues that societies can indeed shift away from decline, citing the post-WWII era's focus on collective well-being as a testament to the possibility of positive transformation and renewal.

Common Questions

Rabbi Sacks started wearing yellow ties around 2016 when he felt the world was falling apart, realizing his job involved cheering people up. He believes the color yellow conveys cheerfulness. He also wears ties gifted by close friends for difficult speeches as a source of comfort and strength.

Topics

Mentioned in this video

Organizations
GQ Magazine

A men's magazine that selected Helix Sleep as the number one best overall mattress pick of 2020.

Cambridge University

One of the prestigious universities from which Rabbi Sacks earned degrees.

British Army

The principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, which liberated Bergen-Belsen in April 1945.

World Economic Forum

An international organization for public-private cooperation, which held its annual meeting in New York in 2002 out of solidarity after 9/11.

Harvard University

The institution where Robert Putnam, a sociologist, works.

House of Lords

The upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which Rabbi Sacks joined in October 2009.

Poland

The country from which Rabbi Sacks's late father's family originated, implying their refugee status during the early 1950s.

Oxford University

One of the prestigious universities from which Rabbi Sacks earned degrees.

Jobbik

A political party in Hungary, identified as anti-Semitic, whose leader, Zonard Zegedi, discovered he had Jewish grandparents.

New Zealand

A country cited as an example of a society that maintained a balance between 'I' and 'we' and coped well with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Black Lives Matter

A decentralized political and social movement protesting against incidents of police brutality and all racially motivated violence against black people, mentioned in the context of feeling unrecognized by society.

BBC

The British public service broadcaster, which recorded a broadcast from Bergen-Belsen after its liberation in 1945.

National Health Service

The publicly funded healthcare system in the UK, established after WWII as part of the shift towards a 'we society' and universal healthcare.

People
Tony Blair

Former British Prime Minister, who described Rabbi Sacks as an 'intellectual giant'.

Gary Kasparov

A chess grandmaster mentioned as being nervous in the TED 'Zen room.'

Richard Dawkins

A noted atheist and friend of Rabbi Sacks, with whom Rabbi Sacks discussed the concept of hearing 'music' in existence.

William Shakespeare

Renowned playwright and poet, whose sonnets are mentioned as a source of deep 'music' in life.

Franz Schubert

A celebrated classical composer, whose music is mentioned as embodying the 'music' of life.

Leonard Cohen

A Jewish musician of the 20th century whose work, along with Bob Dylan and Paul Simon, embodies a powerful note of sadness, part of the Jewish signature.

Edith Eger

Author of 'The Choice,' a Holocaust survivor and psychotherapist who, at 90 years old, wrote her first book detailing her experiences in Auschwitz and the death march, and her philosophy of choice in adversity.

Paul Simon

A Jewish musician of the 20th century whose work, along with Leonard Cohen and Bob Dylan, embodies a powerful note of sadness, part of the Jewish signature.

Sam Harris

A friend of Tim Ferriss, described as being at one end of the spectrum of friends regarding religious beliefs.

Alan Turing

A pioneering computer scientist who played a crucial role in cracking the Enigma code during WWII, portrayed by Benedict Cumberbatch.

Gordon Brown

Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, with whom Rabbi Sacks discussed how to foster national unity.

Ray Dalio

Head of a hedge fund, who was practicing his TED Talk before Rabbi Sacks and was visibly nervous.

Irving Berlin

A Jewish composer whose work, according to Rabbi Sacks, still contains a powerful note of sadness as part of the Jewish signature.

Menachem Mendel Schneerson

Known as the Lubavitcher Rebbe, head of a group of Jewish mystics called Lubavitchers, whom Rabbi Sacks traveled cross-country to meet, profoundly influencing his life's path.

Nelson Mandela

South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and political leader, whose monument in London is noted for having only his name.

Chris Anderson

The curator of TED, with whom Rabbi Sacks discussed his choice of wearing a tie for his TED talk.

Martin Rees

Astronomer Royal and President of the Royal Society, author of 'Just Six Numbers', who argues the universe's existence depends on six improbabilities.

George Gershwin

A Jewish composer whose work, according to Rabbi Sacks, still contains a powerful note of sadness as part of the Jewish signature.

Archbishop of Canterbury

The senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, who was present with Rabbi Sacks at Ground Zero.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

A Genevan philosopher and writer, who considered Passover to be a remarkable political achievement.

Bernard Williams

Rabbi Sacks's doctoral supervisor at Cambridge, a brilliant philosopher and atheist who, despite disagreeing with Sacks's beliefs, engaged respectfully in intellectual discussion.

Ludwig van Beethoven

A celebrated classical composer, whose music is mentioned as embodying the 'music' of life.

Bob Dylan

A Jewish musician of the 20th century whose work, along with Leonard Cohen and Paul Simon, embodies a powerful note of sadness, part of the Jewish signature.

Keira Knightley

Actress who played Joan Clarke in 'The Imitation Game', referenced for telling Alan Turing to tell a joke.

Winston Churchill

Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, whose monument in London is noted for having only his name.

John Milton

An English poet and intellectual, mentioned as a founder of liberty in the modern world who advocated for delicate balance in power.

George Washington

The first President of the United States, mentioned as a founder of liberty.

Elizabeth II

Her Majesty the Queen, who knighted Rabbi Sacks in 2005.

Viktor Frankl

An Austrian neurologist, psychiatrist, Holocaust survivor, and author, whose work on finding meaning in suffering is compared to Edith Eger's philosophy.

Robert Putnam

A brilliant professor of sociology at Harvard University, whom Rabbi Sacks regards as the world's greatest sociologist, and who introduced the concept of a Google Ngram showing a cultural shift from 'we' to 'I'.

Lin-Manuel Miranda

Creator of the musical 'Hamilton', credited with retelling the American story in a new and inclusive way.

Simon & Garfunkel

An American folk-rock duo, whose song 'America' is referenced by Rabbi Sacks when describing his journey in 1968.

Leo Tolstoy

Russian novelist and short story writer, whose novel 'Anna Karenina' is cited for its great opening sentence.

David Cameron

Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, with whom Rabbi Sacks discussed how to foster national unity.

Jonathan Sacks

An international religious leader, philosopher, and moral voice who served as the Chief Rabbi of the UK and the Commonwealth from 1991 to 2013 and was a recipient of the Templeton Prize.

Benedict Cumberbatch

Actor who played Alan Turing in 'The Imitation Game', telling a joke that is used to illustrate the concept of self-interest vs. altruism.

Chief Rabbi of Israel

The religious leader of Israel, mentioned as being present with Rabbi Sacks at Ground Zero after 9/11.

Thomas Jefferson

An American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father, mentioned as a founder of liberty.

James Madison

An American statesman, diplomat, and Founding Father, mentioned as a founder of liberty.

Charles Darwin

A naturalist and biologist known for his theory of evolution, mentioned for publishing a second edition of 'Origin of Species' due to controversy, similar to Rabbi Sacks with 'The Dignity of Difference'. Also referenced for his theory of natural selection.

Patrick Gordon Walker

A young journalist sent by the BBC to broadcast from Bergen-Belsen just after its liberation.

John Major

Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, with whom Rabbi Sacks discussed how to foster national unity.

Rabbi Eleazar ben Padat

A rabbi from the Talmud, who was sent to study with Rabbi Yochanan but only affirmed his views, hindering Yochanan's intellectual growth.

Zonard Zegedi

A leader of the anti-Semitic Jobbik party in Hungary, who later discovered his grandparents had died at Auschwitz and became a religious Jew fighting anti-Semitism.

Reish Lakish

Rabbi Yochanan's study partner from the Talmud, whose challenging of views led to mutual growth.

Rabbi Yochanan

An important third-century rabbi from the Talmud, who needed a study partner who would challenge his views, not just agree with him.

John Locke

An English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers, mentioned as a founder of liberty.

Concepts
Prophets

Individuals who experience the divine as a voice, a call, or a charge, contrasting with mystics who experience the divine as an element or dimension.

Lubavitch

A group of Jewish mystics characterized by their leader, the Rebbe, having enormous authority, and their belief in the ultimate reality of spiritual depths.

Natural Selection

A concept from Charles Darwin, where competition for scarce resources means those who outpace others survive, initially suggesting egoism prevails over altruism.

Nazism

A political ideology and practice associated with the Nazi Party in Germany, mentioned as rising due to the societal failures post-1918.

Rabbi

Meaning 'my teacher,' a Jewish religious leader who teaches, instructs, and educates, contrasted with a Rebbe who holds more authoritative leadership.

Welfare State

A concept of government where the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens, established in Britain after WWII.

Free Speech

The right to express one's opinions publicly without censorship or restraint, discussed in the context of 'safe spaces' and intellectual robustness.

Chaos Theory of Virtue

A concept described by Rabbi Sacks, suggesting that every good deed, no matter how tiny, has a contagious positive impact on people, similar to the butterfly effect.

Brooklyn

A borough of New York City, where the Lubavitcher Rebbe's center, 770 Eastern Parkway, was located.

Mysticism

A spiritual discipline, often meditative, where practitioners believe in the ultimate reality of unseen, spiritual dimensions, seeking direct experiences of the divine.

Market Economy

A system where self-interest and competition for wealth are central, contrasted with the collective 'we' of family and community.

National Service

A former conscription policy in the UK, referenced as a model for empowering young people through altruistic service.

Roman Law

A legal tradition that includes the principle 'Audi alteram partem,' meaning 'hear the other side,' essential for justice.

Marshall Plan

An imaginative scheme by America offering loans to European countries, including Germany, to rebuild their shattered economies after WWII, contributing to 75 years of peace.

Cancel Culture

A modern phenomenon involving the withdrawal of support for public figures or companies after deemed offensive actions or remarks, discussed in context of threats to free speech in universities.

butterfly effect

A concept from chaos theory, where small, localized changes can have large effects elsewhere, which Rabbi Sacks applies to both negative events like pandemics and positive deeds.

Fascism

A form of far-right, authoritarian ultranationalism, mentioned as rising throughout Europe due to societal failures post-1918.

Locations
Beverly Hills

A city in Los Angeles County, California, where Rabbi Sacks was staying with his aunt.

Ground Zero

The site of the World Trade Center after the 9/11 attacks, where Rabbi Sacks and other religious leaders offered prayers.

Germany

A country cited as an example of a society that maintained a balance between 'I' and 'we' and coped well with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Bergen-Belsen concentration camp

An extermination camp liberated by the British Army in April 1945, where survivors were heard singing Hatikvah, the future Israeli national anthem.

Davos

A town in Switzerland, usually the host city for the World Economic Forum, which was moved to New York in 2002 after 9/11.

United Kingdom

A country identified as one of the two most individualistic societies, which performed poorly in handling the COVID-19 pandemic, comparable to the United States.

10 Downing Street

The official residence and workplace of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, near where Remembrance Sunday ceremonies are held.

Auschwitz

A network of German Nazi concentration and extermination camps where Edith Eger and Viktor Frankl were imprisoned during the Holocaust.

Taiwan

A country cited as an example of a society that maintained a balance between 'I' and 'we' and coped well with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Singapore

A country cited as an example of a society that maintained a balance between 'I' and 'we' and coped well with the COVID-19 pandemic.

State of Israel

The nation whose national anthem, Hatikvah, was sung by Holocaust survivors as a symbol of hope.

Franklin D. Roosevelt Memorial

A memorial in Washington D.C., featuring key quotes from Roosevelt, signifying historical narratives.

Washington DC

The capital of the United States, known for its monuments that serve as historical narratives for national identity.

Parliament Square

A square in London notable for monuments that, unlike American ones, typically don't include extensive textual narratives.

Los Angeles

A city in California where Rabbi Sacks stayed with his aunt before traveling back to New York to meet the Lubavitcher Rebbe.

Thomas Jefferson Memorial

A presidential memorial in Washington D.C., with extensive text on marble tablets, used to teach America's story.

United States

A country identified as one of the two most individualistic societies, which performed poorly in handling the COVID-19 pandemic due to a lack of collective 'we' thinking.

South Korea

A country cited as an example of a society that maintained a balance between 'I' and 'we' and coped well with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial

A national memorial in Washington D.C., featuring memorable lines from Martin Luther King Jr., representing a national narrative.

Israel

A country where children do not generally have peanut allergies due to early exposure to peanuts in popular snacks, an analogy for developing immunity to challenging views in university.

Books
The Dignity of Difference

Rabbi Sacks's book written in response to 9/11, advocating for religions to make space for one another, which caused controversy due to its radical message.

Politics

A system where self-interest and competition for power are central, contrasted with the collective 'we' of family and community.

Just Six Numbers

A book by Lord Martin Rees arguing that the entire existence of the universe depends on six improbabilities.

Book of Exodus

A book of the Bible, where the story of the Ten Plagues and the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt is recounted.

Morality: Restoring the Common Good in Divided Times

Rabbi Sacks's new book, a bestseller in the UK and now available in North America, which explores the balance between individualism and collective responsibility.

The Choice

A book by Edith Eger, a Holocaust survivor and psychotherapist, that explores themes of choice, freedom, and dignity in the face of immense suffering.

Tribe of Mentors

A book by Tim Ferriss, for which Rabbi Sacks provided answers to questions, including his most impactful purchase.

Purpose Driven Life

A highly successful book by Rick Warren with a powerful opening sentence: 'It's not about you.'

Not in God's Name

A book written by Rabbi Sacks, which he described as more radical than 'The Dignity of Difference'.

Ecclesiastes

A book of the Bible cited by Rabbi Sacks for its theme of life sometimes seeming 'meaningless'.

On the Origin of Species

Charles Darwin's seminal book, which had a second edition published due to controversy, a point of comparison for Rabbi Sacks.

The Book of Psalms

A book of the Bible mentioned as a source where one can hear the 'music' of existence.

Anna Karenina

A novel by Leo Tolstoy, cited for having one of the best opening sentences in any book.

The Descent of Man

Charles Darwin's book where he presented his solution for the survival of altruism within natural selection.

Talmud

A central text in Rabbinic Judaism, from which Rabbi Sacks recounts a story illustrating the importance of opposing viewpoints for intellectual growth.

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